Surviving the Heat
What Is A Heat Wave?
A heat wave is an extended time interval of abnormally hot and unusually humid weather. A heat wave can last for a period of one day to several weeks.
What Is The Heat Index?
The heat index is the “APPARENT TEMPERATURE” that describes the combined effect of high air temperature and high humidity. The higher this combination, the more difficult it is for the body to cool itself. If you work outdoors, it is critical that you remain aware of the heat index and take the appropriate precautions.
What Actions Should You Take To Be Prepared?
- Never leave children or pets in a parked car.
- Slow down.
- Dress for summer.
- Drink plenty of water
- Don’t drink alcoholic beverages
- Don’t take salt tablets unless specified by a physician
- Spend more time in air-conditioned places.
- Don’t get too much sun.
Greatest Risk of Heat Related Illness
- Infants and children up to four years of age
- People 65 years of age or older
- People who are overweight
- People who overexert during work or exercise
- People who are ill or on certain medications
Heat Disorders, Symptoms & First Aid
Sunburn
Symptoms — Skin redness and pain, possible swelling, blisters, fever, headaches.
First Aid — Take a shower, using soap, to remove oils that may block pores preventing the body from cooling naturally. If blisters occur, apply dry, sterile dressings and get medical attention.
Heat Cramps
Symptoms — Painful spasms usually in leg and abdominal muscles. Heavy sweating.
First Aid — Firm pressure on cramping muscles or gentle massage to relieve spasm. Give sips of water. If nausea occurs, discontinue.
Heat Exhaustion
Symptoms — Heavy sweating, weakness, skin cold, pale and clammy. Weak pulse. Normal temperature possible. Fainting, vomiting.
First Aid — Get victim to lie down in a cool place. Loosen clothing. Apply cool, wet cloths. Fan or move victim to air-conditioned place. Give sips of water. If nausea occurs, discontinue. If vomiting occurs, seek immediate medical attention.
Heat Stroke
Symptoms — High body temperature (106+). Hot, dry skin. Rapid, strong pulse. Possible unconsciousness. Victim will likely not sweat.
First Aid — Heat stroke is a severe medical emergency. Call 9-1-1 or emergency medical services or get the victim to a hospital immediately. Delay can be fatal. Move victim to a cooler environment. Try a cool bath or sponging to reduce body temperature. Use extreme caution. Remove clothing. Use fans and/or air conditioners. DO NOT GIVE FLUIDS.
Possible heat disorders for people in higher risk groups
- 130°F or higher – Heatstroke/sunstroke highly likely with continued exposure.
- 105° - 130°F – Sunstroke, heat cramps or heat exhaustion likely, and heatstroke possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity.
- 90° - 105°F – Sunstroke, heat cramps and heat exhaustion possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity.
- 80° - 90°F – Fatigue possible with prolonged exposure and/or physical activity.